Возможности получения биогаза из навоза и амаранта
Ключевые слова:
биогаз, метановое сбраживание, коровий навоз, биомасса, время пребывания субстрата, амарант
Аннотация
Введение. Использование биомассы позволяет увеличивать скорость образования биогаза и его удельный выход. Целью данной работы является исследование кинетики метаногенеза и определение оптимальной продолжительности сбраживания и органической нагрузки как главных показателей технологического процесса образования биогаза.
Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования являлся субстрат (коровий навоз, биомасса амаранта). Экспериментальные исследования проводились на лабораторной биогазовой установке. Для получения модифицированных моделей Гомперца, описывающих кинетику образования биогаза, использовалась программа для ЭВМ (свидетельство № 2018662045). На основе полученных данных определялись время пребывания субстрата в метантенке и доза загрузки (ключевые параметры при проектировании биогазовых установок).
Результаты исследования. В работе представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований кинетики образования биогаза при использовании сухой биомассы амаранта. Получены математические модели Гомперца. Найдены показатели для контроля метантенка (время пребывания субстрата в метантенке и доза загрузки) для анаэробного сбраживания нового субстрата.
Обсуждение и заключение. Использование нового дополнительного субстрата Amaranthus retroflexus L. позволило увеличить удельный выход биогаза из коровьего навоза на 52,2 %, а предварительная обработка ультразвуком, в сочетании с травяной добавкой, – на 89,1 %. Оптимальное значение времени пребывания субстрата в метантенке составило 10 дней, доза загрузки ‒ 4,1 кг органического сухого вещества на 1 м3 аппарата в день.
Литература
1. Kapoor R., Ghosh P., Kumar M., et al. Valorization of Agricultural Waste for Biogas Based Circular Economy in India: A Research Outlook. Bioresource Technology. 2020; 304. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi. org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123036
2. Abad V., Avila R., Vicent T., Font X. Promoting Circular Economy in the Surroundings of an Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste Anaerobic Digestion Treatment Plant: Biogas Production Impact and Economic Factors. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 283:10-17. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.064
3. Monlau F., Francavilla M., Sambusiti C., et al. Toward a Functional Integration of Anaerobic Digestion and Pyrolysis for a Sustainable Resource Management. Comparison between Solid-Digestate and Its Derived Pyrochar as Soil Amendment. Applied Energy. 2016; 169:652-662. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.084
4. Tayibi S., Monlau F., Marias F., et al. Coupling Anaerobic Digestion and Pyrolysis Processes for Maximizing Energy Recovery and Soil Preservation According to the Circular Economy Concept. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 279. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111632
5. González-Arias J., Fernández C., Rosas J.G., et al. Integrating Anaerobic Digestion of Pig Slurry and Thermal Valorisation of Biomass. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2020; 11:6125-6137. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00873-w
6. Feng Q., Lin Yu. Integrated Processes of Anaerobic Digestion and Pyrolysis for Higher Bioenergy Recovery from Lignocellulosic Biomass: a Brief Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017; 77:1272-1287. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.022
7. Nigam N., Shanker K., Khare P. Valorisation of Residue of Mentha arvensis by Pyrolysis: Evaluation of Agronomic and Environmental Benefits. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2019; 9:1909-1919. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-9928-7
8. Giwa A.S., Xu H., Chang F., et al. Pyrolysis Coupled Anaerobic Digestion Process for Food Waste and Recalcitrant Residues: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Considerations. Energy Science and Engineering. 2019; 7(6):2250-2264 (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.503
9. González R., González J., Rosas J.G., et al. Biochar and Energy Production: Valorizing Swine Manure through Coupling Co-Digestion and Pyrolysis. Journal of Carbon Research. 2020; 6(2). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/c6020043
10. Karaeva J.V., Timofeeva S.S., Bashkirov V.N., et al. Thermochemical Processing of Digestate from Biogas Plant for Recycling Dairy Manure and Biomass. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 2021. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01138-6
11. Zhou J., Yang J., Yu Q., et al. Different Organic Loading Rates on the Biogas Production during the Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw: A Pilot Study. Bioresource Technology. 2017; 244(1):865-871. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.146
12. Jiang J., He Sh., Kang X., et al. Effect of Organic Loading Rate and Temperature on the Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Solid Waste: Process Performance and Energy Recovery. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2020. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2020.00089
13. Musa M.A., Idrus S., Hasfalina C.M., Daud N.N.N. Effect of Organic Loading Rate on Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Mesophilic (UASB) Reactor Using Cattle Slaughterhouse Wastewater as Substrate. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15(10). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102220
14. Shi X.-Sh., Dong J.-J., Yu J.-H., et al. Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in the Semicontinuous Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactors. BioMed Research International. 2017. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2457805
15. Pramanik S.K., Suja F.B., Porhemmat M., Pramanik B.K. Performance and Kinetic Model of a Single-Stage Anaerobic Digestion System Operated at Different Successive Operating Stages for the Treatment of Food Waste. Processes. 2019; 7(9). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7090600
16. Sarker S., Lamb J.J., Hjelme D.R., Lien K.M. A Review of the Role of Critical Parameters in the Design and Operation of Biogas Production Plants. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(9). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091915
17. Abbas Y., Jamil F., Rafiq S., et al. Valorization of Solid Waste Biomass by Inoculation for the Enhanced Yield of Biogas. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2020; 22:513-522. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-019-01799-6
18. Esteves E.M.M., Herrera A.M.N., Esteves V.P.P., Morgado C.R.V. Life Cycle Assessment of Manure Biogas Production: A Review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 219:411-423. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.091
19. Sevillano C.A., Pesantes A.A., Carpio E.P., et al. Anaerobic Digestion for Producing Renewable Energy – The Evolution of This Technology in a New Uncertain Scenario. Entropy. 2021; 23(2). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020145
20. Sukhesh M.J., Rao P.V. Synergistic Effect in Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Rice Straw and Dairy Manure – A Batch Kinetic Study. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2019; 41(17):2145-2156 (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2018.1550536
21. Alhraishawi A.A., Alani W.K. The Co-Fermentation of Organic Substrates: A Review Performance of Biogas Production under Different Salt Content. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2018; 1032. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1032/1/012041
22. Awasthi M.K., Sarsaiya S., Wainaina S., et al. A Critical Review of Organic Manure Biorefinery Models toward Sustainable Circular Bioeconomy: Technological Challenges, Advancements, Innovations, and Future Perspectives. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 111:115-131. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.017
23. Begum S., Ahuja S., Anupoju G.R., et al. Operational Strategy of High Rate Anaerobic Digester with Mixed Organic Wastes: Effect of Co-Digestion on Biogas Yield at Full Scale. Environmental Technology. 2020; 41(9):1151-1159. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2018.1523232
24. Lv Z.Y., Feng L., Shao L.J., et al. The Effect of Digested Manure on Biogas Productivity and Microstructure Evolution of Corn Stalks in Anaerobic Cofermentation. Biomed Research International. 2018; (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5214369
25. Dębowski M., Kisielewska M., Kazimierowicz J., et al. The Effects of Microalgae Biomass Co-Substrate on Biogas Production from the Common Agricultural Biogas Plants Feedstock. Energies. 2020; 13(9). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13092186
26. Rincón B., Fernández-Rodríguez M.J., Lama-Calvente D., Borja R. The Influence of Microalgae Addition as Co-Substrate in Anaerobic Digestion Processes. In: E. Jacob-Lopes, ed. Microalgal Biotechnology. IntechOpen; 2018. p. 899-927. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75914
27. Shah F.A., Mahmood Q., Rashid N., et al. Co-Digestion, Pretreatment and Digester Design for Enhanced Methanogenesis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2015; 42:627-642. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.053
28. Kulichkova G.I., Ivanova T.S., Köttner M., et al. Plant Feedstocks and Their Biogas Production Potentials. The Open Agriculture Journal. 2020; 14:219-234. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi. org/10.2174/1874331502014010219
29. Karaeva J.V., Kamalov R.F., Kadiyrov A.I. Production of Biogas from Poultry Waste Using the Biomass of Plants from Amaranthaceae Family. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 288. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/288/1/012096
30. Garcia N.H., Mattioli A., Gil A., et al. Evaluation of the Methane Potential of Different Agricultural and Food Processing Substrates for Improved Biogas Production in Rural Areas. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 112. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.040
31. Selvaraj B., Krishnasamy S., Munirajan S., et al. Kinetic Modelling of Augmenting Biomethane Yield from Poultry Litter by Mitigating Ammonia. International Journal of Green Energy. 2018; 15(12):766-772. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2018.1529580
32. Wang Z.Q., Yun S.N., Xu H.F., et al. Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Acorn Slag Waste with Dairy Manure in a Batch Digester: Focusing on Mixing Ratios and Bio-Based Carbon Accelerants. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 286. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121394
33. Caruso M.C., Braghieri A., Capece A., et al. Recent Updates on the Use of Agro-Food Waste for Biogas Production. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(6). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app9061217
34. Rusanowska P., Zieliński M., Dudek M.R., Dębowski M. Mechanical Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Methane Fermentation in Innovative Reactor with Cage Mixing System. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2018; 19(5):219-224. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/89822
2. Abad V., Avila R., Vicent T., Font X. Promoting Circular Economy in the Surroundings of an Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste Anaerobic Digestion Treatment Plant: Biogas Production Impact and Economic Factors. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 283:10-17. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.064
3. Monlau F., Francavilla M., Sambusiti C., et al. Toward a Functional Integration of Anaerobic Digestion and Pyrolysis for a Sustainable Resource Management. Comparison between Solid-Digestate and Its Derived Pyrochar as Soil Amendment. Applied Energy. 2016; 169:652-662. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.084
4. Tayibi S., Monlau F., Marias F., et al. Coupling Anaerobic Digestion and Pyrolysis Processes for Maximizing Energy Recovery and Soil Preservation According to the Circular Economy Concept. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 279. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111632
5. González-Arias J., Fernández C., Rosas J.G., et al. Integrating Anaerobic Digestion of Pig Slurry and Thermal Valorisation of Biomass. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2020; 11:6125-6137. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00873-w
6. Feng Q., Lin Yu. Integrated Processes of Anaerobic Digestion and Pyrolysis for Higher Bioenergy Recovery from Lignocellulosic Biomass: a Brief Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2017; 77:1272-1287. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.022
7. Nigam N., Shanker K., Khare P. Valorisation of Residue of Mentha arvensis by Pyrolysis: Evaluation of Agronomic and Environmental Benefits. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2019; 9:1909-1919. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-9928-7
8. Giwa A.S., Xu H., Chang F., et al. Pyrolysis Coupled Anaerobic Digestion Process for Food Waste and Recalcitrant Residues: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Considerations. Energy Science and Engineering. 2019; 7(6):2250-2264 (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.503
9. González R., González J., Rosas J.G., et al. Biochar and Energy Production: Valorizing Swine Manure through Coupling Co-Digestion and Pyrolysis. Journal of Carbon Research. 2020; 6(2). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/c6020043
10. Karaeva J.V., Timofeeva S.S., Bashkirov V.N., et al. Thermochemical Processing of Digestate from Biogas Plant for Recycling Dairy Manure and Biomass. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery. 2021. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01138-6
11. Zhou J., Yang J., Yu Q., et al. Different Organic Loading Rates on the Biogas Production during the Anaerobic Digestion of Rice Straw: A Pilot Study. Bioresource Technology. 2017; 244(1):865-871. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.146
12. Jiang J., He Sh., Kang X., et al. Effect of Organic Loading Rate and Temperature on the Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Solid Waste: Process Performance and Energy Recovery. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2020. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2020.00089
13. Musa M.A., Idrus S., Hasfalina C.M., Daud N.N.N. Effect of Organic Loading Rate on Anaerobic Digestion Performance of Mesophilic (UASB) Reactor Using Cattle Slaughterhouse Wastewater as Substrate. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15(10). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102220
14. Shi X.-Sh., Dong J.-J., Yu J.-H., et al. Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in the Semicontinuous Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactors. BioMed Research International. 2017. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2457805
15. Pramanik S.K., Suja F.B., Porhemmat M., Pramanik B.K. Performance and Kinetic Model of a Single-Stage Anaerobic Digestion System Operated at Different Successive Operating Stages for the Treatment of Food Waste. Processes. 2019; 7(9). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7090600
16. Sarker S., Lamb J.J., Hjelme D.R., Lien K.M. A Review of the Role of Critical Parameters in the Design and Operation of Biogas Production Plants. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(9). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091915
17. Abbas Y., Jamil F., Rafiq S., et al. Valorization of Solid Waste Biomass by Inoculation for the Enhanced Yield of Biogas. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2020; 22:513-522. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-019-01799-6
18. Esteves E.M.M., Herrera A.M.N., Esteves V.P.P., Morgado C.R.V. Life Cycle Assessment of Manure Biogas Production: A Review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 219:411-423. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.091
19. Sevillano C.A., Pesantes A.A., Carpio E.P., et al. Anaerobic Digestion for Producing Renewable Energy – The Evolution of This Technology in a New Uncertain Scenario. Entropy. 2021; 23(2). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/e23020145
20. Sukhesh M.J., Rao P.V. Synergistic Effect in Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Rice Straw and Dairy Manure – A Batch Kinetic Study. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2019; 41(17):2145-2156 (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2018.1550536
21. Alhraishawi A.A., Alani W.K. The Co-Fermentation of Organic Substrates: A Review Performance of Biogas Production under Different Salt Content. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2018; 1032. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1032/1/012041
22. Awasthi M.K., Sarsaiya S., Wainaina S., et al. A Critical Review of Organic Manure Biorefinery Models toward Sustainable Circular Bioeconomy: Technological Challenges, Advancements, Innovations, and Future Perspectives. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 111:115-131. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.017
23. Begum S., Ahuja S., Anupoju G.R., et al. Operational Strategy of High Rate Anaerobic Digester with Mixed Organic Wastes: Effect of Co-Digestion on Biogas Yield at Full Scale. Environmental Technology. 2020; 41(9):1151-1159. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2018.1523232
24. Lv Z.Y., Feng L., Shao L.J., et al. The Effect of Digested Manure on Biogas Productivity and Microstructure Evolution of Corn Stalks in Anaerobic Cofermentation. Biomed Research International. 2018; (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5214369
25. Dębowski M., Kisielewska M., Kazimierowicz J., et al. The Effects of Microalgae Biomass Co-Substrate on Biogas Production from the Common Agricultural Biogas Plants Feedstock. Energies. 2020; 13(9). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13092186
26. Rincón B., Fernández-Rodríguez M.J., Lama-Calvente D., Borja R. The Influence of Microalgae Addition as Co-Substrate in Anaerobic Digestion Processes. In: E. Jacob-Lopes, ed. Microalgal Biotechnology. IntechOpen; 2018. p. 899-927. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75914
27. Shah F.A., Mahmood Q., Rashid N., et al. Co-Digestion, Pretreatment and Digester Design for Enhanced Methanogenesis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2015; 42:627-642. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.053
28. Kulichkova G.I., Ivanova T.S., Köttner M., et al. Plant Feedstocks and Their Biogas Production Potentials. The Open Agriculture Journal. 2020; 14:219-234. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi. org/10.2174/1874331502014010219
29. Karaeva J.V., Kamalov R.F., Kadiyrov A.I. Production of Biogas from Poultry Waste Using the Biomass of Plants from Amaranthaceae Family. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 288. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/288/1/012096
30. Garcia N.H., Mattioli A., Gil A., et al. Evaluation of the Methane Potential of Different Agricultural and Food Processing Substrates for Improved Biogas Production in Rural Areas. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 112. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.040
31. Selvaraj B., Krishnasamy S., Munirajan S., et al. Kinetic Modelling of Augmenting Biomethane Yield from Poultry Litter by Mitigating Ammonia. International Journal of Green Energy. 2018; 15(12):766-772. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2018.1529580
32. Wang Z.Q., Yun S.N., Xu H.F., et al. Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Acorn Slag Waste with Dairy Manure in a Batch Digester: Focusing on Mixing Ratios and Bio-Based Carbon Accelerants. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 286. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121394
33. Caruso M.C., Braghieri A., Capece A., et al. Recent Updates on the Use of Agro-Food Waste for Biogas Production. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(6). (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app9061217
34. Rusanowska P., Zieliński M., Dudek M.R., Dębowski M. Mechanical Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Methane Fermentation in Innovative Reactor with Cage Mixing System. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2018; 19(5):219-224. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/89822
Опубликован
2021-09-21
Раздел
ПРОЦЕССЫ И МАШИНЫ АГРОИНЖЕНЕРНЫХ СИСТЕМ
